身边的经济学·社会常识英语30篇（4）
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Subsidies vs. Quotas: What Helps More?
补贴与配额：哪个更帮得上？
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A subsidy is money the government gives to farmers or factories.补贴是政府向农民或工厂提供的资金。
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It helps them sell goods at lower prices.它帮助他们以更低价格销售商品。
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A quota is a limit—like 'only 100 cars per year from Country X'.配额是一种限制，例如‘每年仅允许进口X国100辆汽车’。
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Quotas protect local jobs but may raise prices for buyers.配额保护本地就业，但可能推高买家购买价格。
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Subsidies help buyers and producers, but cost public money.补贴惠及买家和生产者，但耗费公共资金。
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Both tools change who gains and who pays.这两种工具都改变了受益者和承担成本者。
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Neither fixes everything—but both shape daily life.它们都无法解决所有问题，却都在塑造日常生活。
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Think of them as two ways to tilt the balance gently.可将它们视为两种温和调节平衡的方式。