STEM与日常科技·英语精读30篇（5）
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CRISPR Base Editors in Clinical Trials: Balancing Precision with Off-Target Surveillance
碱基编辑器进入临床试验：在精准治疗与脱靶监测之间取得平衡
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Unlike traditional CRISPR-Cas9, base editors chemically convert one DNA nucleotide into another without inducing double-strand breaks.碱基编辑器与传统CRISPR-Cas9不同，它通过化学方式直接将一种DNA核苷酸转化为另一种，无需造成双链断裂。
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Recent Phase I trials for sickle-cell disease use adenine base editors to correct the HBB gene mutation directly in autologous hematopoietic stem cells.近期针对镰状细胞病的I期临床试验，采用腺嘌呤碱基编辑器直接在自体造血干细胞中纠正HBB基因突变。
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Yet whole-genome sequencing of edited cell populations reveals low-frequency off-target edits—especially in repetitive genomic regions.然而，对编辑后细胞群体进行全基因组测序发现，存在低频脱靶编辑——尤其在基因组重复区域。
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Clinicians now mandate orthogonal detection methods like Digenome-seq and targeted long-read sequencing before patient reinfusion.临床医生现要求在患者回输前，必须采用Digenome-seq和靶向长读长测序等正交检测方法。
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Regulatory submissions must include off-target risk scores derived from cell-type-specific chromatin accessibility maps and RNA expression profiles.监管申报材料须包含基于细胞类型特异性染色质可及性图谱和RNA表达谱推导的脱靶风险评分。
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Ongoing trials treat editing not as a one-time intervention but as a monitored therapeutic process requiring longitudinal genomic follow-up.正在进行的临床试验不再将基因编辑视为一次性干预，而是作为需长期基因组随访的监测性治疗过程。