STEM与日常科技·英语30篇（7）
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Why Automatic Doors Open Without Touching
自动门为何无需触碰即可开启
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Most automatic doors use microwave or passive infrared motion sensors to detect approaching people.大多数自动门采用微波或被动红外运动传感器来探测接近的人。
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Microwave sensors emit low-power waves and measure reflections from moving objects.微波传感器发射低功率波，并测量移动物体反射的信号。
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Passive infrared sensors detect body heat changes as someone walks toward the doorway.被动红外传感器通过检测人体热量变化来感知有人走近门口。
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A microcontroller processes signals and activates the motor only when motion is confirmed.微控制器处理信号，仅在确认有运动时才启动电机。
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Safety beams near the floor prevent doors from closing on feet or bags.靠近地面的安全光束可防止门夹到脚或包。
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Door speed and opening width are calibrated to accommodate wheelchairs and strollers.门的运行速度和开启宽度经过校准，以适配轮椅和婴儿车。
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Energy-efficient designs include standby modes that reduce power consumption when idle.节能设计包含待机模式，在空闲时降低功耗。
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Some models integrate with building access systems to unlock only for authorized users.部分型号可与楼宇门禁系统集成，仅对授权用户解锁。
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Weather-resistant housings protect internal electronics from rain, dust, and temperature extremes.防风雨外壳保护内部电子元件免受雨水、灰尘及极端温度影响。
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Maintenance alerts notify facility staff when sensor sensitivity drops below safe thresholds.维护提醒会在传感器灵敏度低于安全阈值时通知物业人员。