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How Do Deep-Sea Anglerfish Use Bioluminescence to Hunt in Total Darkness?
深海琵琶鱼如何利用生物发光在完全黑暗中捕食？
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Deep-sea anglerfish live below 1,000 meters where sunlight cannot penetrate.
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They possess a bioluminescent lure called an esca, which dangles from their head.
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This light comes from symbiotic bacteria that live inside the esca and glow continuously.
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The fish controls the light indirectly by adjusting blood flow to the lure tissue.
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Prey animals mistake the glow for small prey or mating signals and swim closer.
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Once near, the anglerfish opens its enormous mouth with needle-like teeth in milliseconds.
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Females are much larger than males, and some males permanently fuse to females as parasitic mates.
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Their eyes are highly sensitive to blue light—the only wavelength that travels far underwater.
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This adaptation allows them to detect faint bioluminescent signals across several meters.
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Scientists study their photophores to design low-power underwater sensors for robotics.