十万个为什么·科学阅读30篇(5)
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How Do Magnets Stick to Metal?
磁铁为什么能吸住金属?
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Magnets have two ends: north and south poles.磁铁有两极:北极和南极。
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They create an invisible force field called a magnetic field.它们产生一种看不见的力场,称为磁场。
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Only certain metals like iron, nickel, and cobalt respond to it.只有铁、镍、钴等特定金属对此有反应。
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Inside these metals, tiny parts called domains line up.在这些金属内部,微小的磁畴会排列整齐。
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This makes the metal act like a small magnet itself.这使得金属本身也表现出磁性。
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Opposite poles pull together; same poles push apart.异极相吸,同极相斥。
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Not all metals stick — aluminum and copper do not react.并非所有金属都能被吸附——铝和铜不会反应。
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Heat or hard hits can weaken a magnet’s power.高温或剧烈撞击会削弱磁铁的磁性。