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Why Bicycle Helmets Have Hidden Air Pockets
自行车头盔为何内置隐形气室
精读先不看文字,完整听一遍。
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Helmets use expanded polystyrene (EPS) foam with millions of tiny closed-cell air pockets.头盔采用发泡聚苯乙烯(EPS)泡沫,内含数百万个微小的闭孔气囊。
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On impact, these cells crush progressively to absorb kinetic energy over milliseconds.撞击时,这些气囊逐层压溃,在毫秒级时间内吸收动能。
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The foam’s density is tuned so softer zones compress first, delaying skull acceleration.泡沫密度经过优化,使较软区域率先压缩,延缓颅骨加速度。
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Ventilation channels double as structural ribs, guiding airflow while reinforcing shell strength.通风槽兼具结构加强筋功能,在引导气流的同时增强壳体强度。
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Testing involves dropping helmets onto angled anvils at speeds simulating real crashes.测试时将头盔以模拟真实事故的速度,坠落至倾斜的砧板上。
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Certified helmets reduce risk of brain injury by up to 85% compared to no helmet.经认证的头盔相比不戴头盔,可将脑损伤风险最多降低85%。
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Some newer models add MIPS layers that allow slight rotational movement during oblique hits.部分新型号增加MIPS层,可在斜向撞击时允许轻微旋转运动。
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After any crash—even if no damage is visible—the foam loses protective capacity and must be replaced.任何撞击后——即使外观无损——泡沫保护性能即已丧失,必须更换。
精读 · 大约 10 分钟
听 → 读 → 学表达 → 懂 → 今天会说这一句 → 跟读录音 → 自己说一句。
③ 学 · 重点表达
- On impact, these cells crush progressively to absorb kinetic energy over milliseconds. 撞击时,这些气囊逐层压溃,在毫秒级时间内吸收动能。
- Ventilation channels double as structural ribs, guiding airflow while reinforcing shell strength. 通风槽兼具结构加强筋功能,在引导气流的同时增强壳体强度。
- Testing involves dropping helmets onto angled anvils at speeds simulating real crashes. 测试时将头盔以模拟真实事故的速度,坠落至倾斜的砧板上。
④ 懂 · 选一选
⑤ 今天会说这一句
On impact, these cells crush progressively to absorb kinetic energy over milliseconds.
⑥ 跟读并录音
On impact, these cells crush progressively to absorb kinetic energy over milliseconds.
第一版:录下来、回听、再听标准音。系统打分以后再加。
⑦ 说 · 自己来一句
用今天的表达,自己说一句。
例子:On impact, these cells crush progressively to absorb kinetic energy over milliseconds.
已记下。连续天数以后会显示在课表里。
陈老师指导
课程开发中,敬请期待。成人和孩子都可以先自学听读、精读。
这边的讲解音轨还在做。想先跟着老师走完固定 30 课,可以去陈老师带读社(和自学通行不是同一份会员)。
课程开发中,敬请期待。