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How Do Cacti Store Water for Long Dry Periods?
仙人掌如何长期储存水分？
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Cacti have thick, fleshy stems that act like water tanks.仙人掌有厚实多汁的茎，像储水罐一样。
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Their skin is waxy to stop water from evaporating in hot air.表皮覆有蜡质，防止水分在热空气中蒸发。
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Spines are modified leaves that reduce surface area and shade the stem.刺是退化的叶子，可减少表面积并为茎部遮阴。
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Roots spread wide and shallow to catch rainwater fast when it falls.根系宽而浅，能迅速吸收降雨。
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They open tiny pores only at night to take in carbon dioxide.它们只在夜间打开微小气孔吸收二氧化碳。
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This saves water compared to daytime breathing used by most plants.这比多数植物白天呼吸更节水。
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Some cacti hold hundreds of liters — enough to last over a year.有些仙人掌可储存数百升水，足够存活一年以上。
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Even in drought, their stored water keeps them green and alive.即使干旱，储存的水分也能让它们保持青翠鲜活。