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Why Some Clouds Produce Rain While Others Stay Dry
为什么有些云会下雨,而另一些云却始终干燥?
精读先不看文字,完整听一遍。
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Clouds form when warm, moist air rises and cools enough for water vapor to condense into tiny droplets.云由暖湿空气上升并冷却至水蒸气凝结成微小水滴而形成。
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These droplets must grow large and heavy enough to overcome updrafts before they can fall as rain.这些水滴必须长得足够大、足够重,才能克服上升气流而降落为雨。
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In cumulonimbus clouds, strong vertical winds help droplets collide and merge rapidly into raindrops.在积雨云中,强烈的垂直气流促使水滴快速碰撞合并成雨滴。
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But in thin cirrus clouds, ice crystals are too small and widely spaced to combine effectively.但在稀薄的卷云中,冰晶太小且间距过大,难以有效结合。
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Some clouds lack sufficient moisture or updraft strength, so droplets never reach falling size.有些云缺乏足够水汽或上升气流强度,导致水滴始终无法长到可降落的大小。
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Temperature differences between cloud layers also affect whether droplets freeze or remain liquid.云层间的温度差异也会影响水滴是冻结还是保持液态。
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Scientists use radar and satellite data to track droplet growth and predict rainfall likelihood.科学家利用雷达和卫星数据追踪水滴增长过程,预测降雨可能性。
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Even when clouds look thick, they may contain too few nuclei for efficient rain formation.即使云层看起来很厚,也可能因凝结核过少而无法高效形成降雨。
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This explains why deserts often have dramatic clouds that never release a single drop.这解释了为何沙漠常出现壮观云团却一滴雨也不降。
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Rain production depends on a precise balance of humidity, temperature, and air motion.降雨产生依赖湿度、温度与空气运动之间的精确平衡。
精读 · 大约 10 分钟
听 → 读 → 学表达 → 懂 → 今天会说这一句 → 跟读录音 → 自己说一句。
③ 学 · 重点表达
- Temperature differences between cloud layers also affect whether droplets freeze or remain liquid. 云层间的温度差异也会影响水滴是冻结还是保持液态。
- Rain production depends on a precise balance of humidity, temperature, and air motion. 降雨产生依赖湿度、温度与空气运动之间的精确平衡。
- In cumulonimbus clouds, strong vertical winds help droplets collide and merge rapidly into raindrops. 在积雨云中,强烈的垂直气流促使水滴快速碰撞合并成雨滴。
④ 懂 · 选一选
⑤ 今天会说这一句
Temperature differences between cloud layers also affect whether droplets freeze or remain liquid.
⑥ 跟读并录音
Temperature differences between cloud layers also affect whether droplets freeze or remain liquid.
第一版:录下来、回听、再听标准音。系统打分以后再加。
⑦ 说 · 自己来一句
用今天的表达,自己说一句。
例子:Temperature differences between cloud layers also affect whether droplets freeze or remain liquid.
已记下。连续天数以后会显示在课表里。
陈老师指导
课程开发中,敬请期待。成人和孩子都可以先自学听读、精读。
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课程开发中,敬请期待。