Japanese Kōryō-ji Temple Bell Ringing as Temporal Infrastructure in Kyoto

日本高良寺钟声：京都的时间基础设施

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At Kōryō-ji in Kyoto, bell ringing operates as temporal infrastructure—its 108 strikes per hour calibrate urban rhythms more reliably than atomic clocks for local institutions.
Each strike’s decay time, harmonic resonance, and bronze alloy composition are legally codified to synchronize municipal waste collection, school dismissal, and train schedules across western Kyoto.

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