Public Fountain Spout Height Variation as Hydro-Social Stratification in Istanbul’s Beyoğlu Water Network

伊斯坦布尔贝伊奥卢供水网络公共喷泉出水口高度差异：一种水社会分层实践

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In Istanbul’s Beyoğlu district, public fountain spouts vary in height by precise centimeters—not for accessibility but to encode Ottoman-era guild affiliations still active in contemporary artisan cooperatives.
Spouts below 92 cm serve tailors and bookbinders, those between 93–97 cm serve goldsmiths and engravers, and heights above 98 cm mark coffee roasters and calligraphers’ traditional access zones.

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