Volcanic Soil Semiotics and Ritual Agriculture in the Highlands of Guatemala’s Sierra Madre

火山土壤符号学与危地马拉马德雷山脉高地的仪式农耕

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K’iche’ Maya farmers in the Sierra Madre read volcanic soil color, texture, and scent not as agronomic variables but as divine messages requiring ritual interpretation before planting.
Each cinder cone holds distinct symbolic weight: eruptions at Tajumulco signal maize-planting readiness, while fumarolic activity at Fuego triggers seed-blessing ceremonies.

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