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Why Do Some Animals Hibernate?
为什么一些动物会冬眠？
精读先不看文字，完整听一遍。
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Hibernation is not just deep sleep—it’s a controlled state of dramatically lowered metabolism, heart rate, and body temperature.冬眠不只是深度睡眠，而是一种新陈代谢、心率和体温显著降低的受控状态。
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Animals like bears, ground squirrels, and hedgehogs hibernate to survive winter when food is scarce and temperatures drop dangerously low.熊、地松鼠和刺猬等动物通过冬眠度过食物匮乏、气温骤降的寒冬。
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Before hibernating, they eat heavily to build fat reserves, which slowly convert into water and energy during dormancy.冬眠前，它们大量进食以储存脂肪，这些脂肪在休眠期间缓慢转化为水和能量。
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Their hearts may beat only 5 times per minute instead of 100, and breathing slows to just one breath every few minutes.它们的心率可降至每分钟5次（正常为100次），呼吸减缓至每几分钟才一次。
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Unlike sleep, hibernators can wake up quickly if threatened—but doing so burns huge amounts of stored energy.与睡眠不同，冬眠动物受威胁时能迅速苏醒，但此举会大量消耗储存的能量。
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Some species enter torpor daily, dropping body temperature for short periods, while true hibernators stay dormant for weeks or months.有些物种每日进入蛰伏状态，短暂降低体温；而真正的冬眠者则连续休眠数周甚至数月。
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Bears recycle urea into proteins instead of urinating, helping them avoid muscle loss despite months without movement.熊将尿素循环利用为蛋白质，而非排尿，从而避免数月不动导致的肌肉流失。
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Scientists study hibernation to understand human conditions like obesity, kidney disease, and muscle atrophy.科学家研究冬眠机制，以探索人类肥胖、肾病和肌肉萎缩等疾病。
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Climate change is disrupting hibernation cycles—warmer winters cause some animals to wake too early and starve before spring returns.气候变化正扰乱冬眠周期——暖冬导致部分动物过早苏醒，在春季来临前饿死。
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Interestingly, no primate hibernates naturally, though scientists have induced similar states in lab mice using specific nerve stimulation.有趣的是，灵长类动物中尚无自然冬眠者，但科学家已通过特定神经刺激在实验小鼠中诱导出类似状态。
精读 · 大约 10 分钟
听 → 读 → 学表达 → 懂 → 今天会说这一句 → 跟读录音 → 自己说一句。
③ 学 · 重点表达
- Scientists study hibernation to understand human conditions like obesity, kidney disease, and muscle atrophy. 科学家研究冬眠机制，以探索人类肥胖、肾病和肌肉萎缩等疾病。
- Hibernation is not just deep sleep—it’s a controlled state of dramatically lowered metabolism, heart rate, and body temperature. 冬眠不只是深度睡眠，而是一种新陈代谢、心率和体温显著降低的受控状态。
- Animals like bears, ground squirrels, and hedgehogs hibernate to survive winter when food is scarce and temperatures drop dangerously low. 熊、地松鼠和刺猬等动物通过冬眠度过食物匮乏、气温骤降的寒冬。
④ 懂 · 选一选
⑤ 今天会说这一句
Scientists study hibernation to understand human conditions like obesity, kidney disease, and muscle atrophy.
⑥ 跟读并录音
Scientists study hibernation to understand human conditions like obesity, kidney disease, and muscle atrophy.
第一版：录下来、回听、再听标准音。系统打分以后再加。
⑦ 说 · 自己来一句
用今天的表达，自己说一句。
例子：Scientists study hibernation to understand human conditions like obesity, kidney disease, and muscle atrophy.
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