十万个为什么·科学启蒙30篇（1）

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蝙蝠是如何在黑暗中找到方向的？

Bats cannot see well in total darkness, so they use sound instead of light.
They send out high-pitched squeaks that humans cannot hear.
These sounds bounce off walls, trees, and flying insects nearby.
The bat listens carefully to the returning echoes to build a mental map.
This process, called echolocation, helps them fly and catch food precisely.
Different bat species adjust their calls based on where they hunt and what they eat.
Their large ears and sensitive hearing allow them to detect tiny time differences in echoes.
Even baby bats practice echolocation before they can fly steadily.
Some moths have evolved ears to hear bat calls and escape quickly.
Studying bat navigation helps engineers design better sonar and robot sensors.