十万个为什么·科学启蒙30篇（1）
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How Do Bats Find Their Way in the Dark?
蝙蝠是如何在黑暗中找到方向的？
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Bats cannot see well in total darkness, so they use sound instead of light.
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They send out high-pitched squeaks that humans cannot hear.
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These sounds bounce off walls, trees, and flying insects nearby.
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The bat listens carefully to the returning echoes to build a mental map.
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This process, called echolocation, helps them fly and catch food precisely.
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Different bat species adjust their calls based on where they hunt and what they eat.
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Their large ears and sensitive hearing allow them to detect tiny time differences in echoes.
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Even baby bats practice echolocation before they can fly steadily.
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Some moths have evolved ears to hear bat calls and escape quickly.
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Studying bat navigation helps engineers design better sonar and robot sensors.