十万个为什么·科学启蒙30篇（1）
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Why Is the Ocean Salty?
为什么海水是咸的？
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Rainwater flows over rocks and dissolves tiny amounts of salt minerals along the way.
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Rivers carry this dissolved salt into oceans over millions of years.
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Volcanic activity under the sea also adds minerals like sodium and chloride.
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Ocean water does not get saltier forever because some salt sticks to clay or forms sediment.
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Evaporation removes fresh water but leaves salt behind, making surface water denser.
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Salt concentration varies: the Dead Sea is much saltier than the Atlantic Ocean.
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Marine life depends on stable salt levels to control water balance in their bodies.
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Scientists measure salinity using special sensors on research ships and buoys.
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Melting glaciers add fresh water, which can temporarily lower local ocean salinity.
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Understanding salt movement helps predict ocean currents and climate patterns.