十万个为什么·科学启蒙30篇（1）
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Why Do Icebergs Float While Most of the Ice Is Hidden?
为什么冰山能漂浮，而大部分冰却藏在水下？
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Icebergs float because ice is less dense than liquid water.冰山能漂浮，是因为冰的密度小于液态水。
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When water freezes, its molecules form a loose crystal structure that takes up more space.水结冰时，分子形成松散的晶体结构，占据更大空间。
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This makes ice about 9% lighter than the same volume of seawater.这使得冰比同体积的海水轻约9%。
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So only about one-tenth of an iceberg shows above the surface.因此，冰山只有约十分之一露出水面。
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The rest stays submerged due to buoyancy and the balance of forces.其余部分因浮力及受力平衡而保持 submerged（浸没）。
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Salt in seawater increases its density, helping icebergs stay afloat longer.海水中盐分增加其密度，使冰山更长时间漂浮。
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Melting icebergs don’t raise sea level much because they’re already displacing their weight.冰山融化对海平面上升影响甚微，因其已排开与其重量相等的水量。
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Scientists use satellites to track iceberg size and movement carefully.科学家利用卫星严密追踪冰山的大小与移动。
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Understanding this helps us predict ocean current changes and climate impacts.理解这一点有助于预测洋流变化及气候影响。
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Even small temperature shifts can affect how fast icebergs break apart.即使微小的温度变化也会影响冰山崩解的速度。