十万个为什么·科学启蒙30篇（1）
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Why Do Some Animals Hibernate While Others Migrate?
为什么有些动物冬眠，而另一些却要迁徙？
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Animals choose hibernation or migration based on how well they can survive winter conditions.
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Hibernators like bears lower their body temperature, heart rate, and breathing to save energy.
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Their bodies switch to burning stored fat instead of searching for scarce food.
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Migrators like geese fly thousands of miles to warmer places where food remains available.
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Migration requires strong navigation skills, often using stars, Earth’s magnetic field, or landmarks.
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Some species, such as certain bats, do both depending on local weather and food supply.
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Hibernation works best for animals that cannot travel far or lack safe migration routes.
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Scientists study these behaviors to understand climate change effects on wildlife timing.
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Changes in temperature can cause mismatches between migration arrival and food bloom.
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Both strategies show how evolution shapes survival in changing environments.