十万个为什么·科学启蒙30篇（2）
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What Happens When You Get an Electric Shock?
触电时身体会发生什么？
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Electric shock occurs when current flows through the body — usually entering at one point and exiting at another, completing a circuit.
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Even small currents — as low as 0.01 amps — can interfere with nerve signals, causing involuntary muscle contractions or stopping breathing.
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The heart is especially vulnerable because electricity can disrupt its natural pacemaker, leading to arrhythmias or cardiac arrest.
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Severity depends on voltage, current path, duration, and whether skin is wet — wet skin lowers resistance, allowing more current to pass.
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High-voltage shocks often cause external burns at entry and exit points, while internal damage may include muscle breakdown and kidney failure.
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Nerves transmit signals using tiny electrical impulses, so external current overrides normal communication — sometimes paralyzing muscles mid-contract.
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Survivors of serious shocks may develop delayed complications like cataracts, nerve damage, or psychological trauma weeks later.
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Rubber gloves and insulated tools help prevent shocks, but never assume equipment is safe unless tested and grounded by professionals.