十万个为什么·科学启蒙30篇（2）
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Why Do Ice Skates Glide Smoothly on Ice?
为什么冰刀能在冰面上顺畅滑行？
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Ice skates glide smoothly because pressure from the blade melts a thin layer of ice.
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This melted water acts like a lubricant between the skate and the ice surface.
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Although the air is cold, the localized pressure lowers the melting point of ice.
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The water refreezes instantly once the skate moves away and pressure drops.
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That’s why skating feels almost frictionless when done correctly and steadily.
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Scientists once thought friction heat caused all the melting, but now know pressure plays a bigger role.
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Even at temperatures far below freezing, this effect still works under enough pressure.
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The smoother and sharper the blade, the more evenly it distributes pressure on the ice.
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Skaters lean slightly to control direction by changing where pressure is applied.
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Understanding this helps engineers design better blades and safer rinks.