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What Causes Thunder and Lightning?
雷声和闪电是如何产生的？
精读先不看文字，完整听一遍。
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Lightning occurs when massive static electricity builds up inside storm clouds due to collisions between ice particles and water droplets.闪电是因雷暴云中冰粒与水滴碰撞，积聚大量静电而产生的。
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When the electrical difference between cloud and ground—or between two clouds—becomes too great, a sudden discharge happens.当云层与地面之间，或两片云之间电位差过大时，就会发生突然放电。
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This discharge heats the surrounding air to over 30,000°C, causing it to expand explosively and create a shock wave we hear as thunder.这种放电将周围空气加热至30000℃以上，使其剧烈膨胀，形成我们听到的雷声冲击波。
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Because light travels much faster than sound, we always see lightning before hearing thunder — roughly 1 second per 340 meters.因为光速远快于声速，我们总是先看到闪电后听到雷声——约每340米延迟1秒。
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A single lightning bolt can carry over one billion volts of electricity and last just 30 microseconds.一道闪电可携带超过10亿伏电压，持续时间仅30微秒。
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Although lightning looks like a single flash, it often consists of several rapid strokes traveling along the same path.闪电看似单次闪光，实则常由沿同一路径快速发生的多次回击组成。
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Thunder cannot occur without lightning, but sometimes distant lightning is too far to see — we call this 'heat lightning'.无闪电便无雷声，但有时远处闪电距离太远而不可见，称为‘热闪电’。
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Wearing rubber-soled shoes won’t protect you from lightning, since voltage overwhelms such small insulation.穿橡胶底鞋无法防雷，因为电压足以击穿这点绝缘。
精读 · 大约 10 分钟
听 → 读 → 学表达 → 懂 → 今天会说这一句 → 跟读录音 → 自己说一句。
③ 学 · 重点表达
- Wearing rubber-soled shoes won’t protect you from lightning, since voltage overwhelms such small insulation. 穿橡胶底鞋无法防雷，因为电压足以击穿这点绝缘。
- Lightning occurs when massive static electricity builds up inside storm clouds due to collisions between ice particles and water droplets. 闪电是因雷暴云中冰粒与水滴碰撞，积聚大量静电而产生的。
- When the electrical difference between cloud and ground—or between two clouds—becomes too great, a sudden discharge happens. 当云层与地面之间，或两片云之间电位差过大时，就会发生突然放电。
④ 懂 · 选一选
⑤ 今天会说这一句
Wearing rubber-soled shoes won’t protect you from lightning, since voltage overwhelms such small insulation.
⑥ 跟读并录音
Wearing rubber-soled shoes won’t protect you from lightning, since voltage overwhelms such small insulation.
第一版：录下来、回听、再听标准音。系统打分以后再加。
⑦ 说 · 自己来一句
用今天的表达，自己说一句。
例子：Wearing rubber-soled shoes won’t protect you from lightning, since voltage overwhelms such small insulation.
已记下。连续天数以后会显示在课表里。
陈老师指导
课程开发中，敬请期待。成人和孩子都可以先自学听读、精读。
这边的讲解音轨还在做。想先跟着老师走完固定 30 课，可以去陈老师带读社（和自学通行不是同一份会员）。
课程开发中，敬请期待。