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Recycling Electric Vehicle Batteries: Challenges and Progress
电动车电池回收：挑战与进展
精读先不看文字，完整听一遍。
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Most electric vehicle batteries last 8–15 years, but recycling them remains technically complex and economically uneven.多数电动汽车电池寿命为8至15年，但回收技术复杂、经济性不均衡。
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Lithium-ion batteries contain valuable metals like cobalt, nickel, and lithium, which are costly to mine anew.锂离子电池含有钴、镍、锂等高价值金属，重新开采成本高昂。
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Current recycling methods include pyrometallurgy (high-heat smelting) and hydrometallurgy (chemical leaching), each with different recovery rates.当前主流回收工艺包括火法冶金（高温熔炼）和湿法冶金（化学浸出），回收率各不相同。
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Only about 5% of EV batteries were recycled globally in 2022, though new laws now mandate higher collection targets.2022年全球仅约5%的电动汽车电池被回收，但新法规已强制提高回收目标。
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Battery design varies widely between manufacturers, making standardized disassembly and sorting difficult for recyclers.不同厂商电池设计差异大，给回收商的标准化拆解与分选带来困难。
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Startups are developing robotic systems that safely dismantle packs and extract modules using AI-guided vision.初创企业正研发搭载AI视觉引导的机器人系统，安全拆解电池包并提取模组。
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Some automakers now lease batteries instead of selling them, enabling direct return and refurbishment cycles.部分车企改售为租电池，便于直接回收及翻新再利用。
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Second-life applications—like using retired EV batteries for home energy storage—extend usefulness before final recycling.退役电动车电池可用于家庭储能等梯次利用场景，延长服役周期后再行回收。
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Regulations in the EU and California now require producers to fund and manage end-of-life battery collection networks.欧盟和加州新规要求电池生产商出资并运营报废电池回收网络。
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Scaling up efficient, low-emission recycling is vital to avoid future mining pressure and support sustainable EV growth.扩大高效、低碳回收规模，对缓解未来采矿压力、支撑电动车可持续发展至关重要。
精读 · 大约 10 分钟
听 → 读 → 学表达 → 懂 → 今天会说这一句 → 跟读录音 → 自己说一句。
③ 学 · 重点表达
- Battery design varies widely between manufacturers, making standardized disassembly and sorting difficult for recyclers. 不同厂商电池设计差异大，给回收商的标准化拆解与分选带来困难。
- Second-life applications—like using retired EV batteries for home energy storage—extend usefulness before final recycling. 退役电动车电池可用于家庭储能等梯次利用场景，延长服役周期后再行回收。
- Startups are developing robotic systems that safely dismantle packs and extract modules using AI-guided vision. 初创企业正研发搭载AI视觉引导的机器人系统，安全拆解电池包并提取模组。
④ 懂 · 选一选
⑤ 今天会说这一句
Battery design varies widely between manufacturers, making standardized disassembly and sorting difficult for recyclers.
⑥ 跟读并录音
Battery design varies widely between manufacturers, making standardized disassembly and sorting difficult for recyclers.
第一版：录下来、回听、再听标准音。系统打分以后再加。
⑦ 说 · 自己来一句
用今天的表达，自己说一句。
例子：Battery design varies widely between manufacturers, making standardized disassembly and sorting difficult for recyclers.
已记下。连续天数以后会显示在课表里。
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