STEM与日常科技·英语30篇（1）

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氢燃料电池汽车与加氢基础设施瓶颈

Hydrogen fuel cell cars convert hydrogen gas into electricity, emitting only water vapor.
Each refueling takes about three to five minutes—similar to gasoline vehicles—but requires high-pressure stations.
Fewer than 1,000 public hydrogen stations exist worldwide, mostly clustered in California, Japan, and Germany.
Building one costs roughly $2 million, far more than installing a fast EV charger.
Hydrogen production itself is often fossil-fueled, undermining its 'green' promise unless made via electrolysis using renewable power.
Storage and transport are difficult because hydrogen molecules leak easily and need cryogenic or high-pressure tanks.
Car makers continue developing fuel cell models, but adoption hinges on coordinated government and industry investment.
Some cities pilot hydrogen buses and delivery trucks where centralized refueling simplifies logistics.
Fuel cells excel in heavy-duty transport, offering longer range and faster refueling than current batteries.
Until infrastructure scales, hydrogen remains a niche alternative to battery-electric mobility.