STEM与日常科技·英语30篇（1）
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Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles and the Infrastructure Bottleneck
氢燃料电池汽车与加氢基础设施瓶颈
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Hydrogen fuel cell cars convert hydrogen gas into electricity, emitting only water vapor.
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Each refueling takes about three to five minutes—similar to gasoline vehicles—but requires high-pressure stations.
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Fewer than 1,000 public hydrogen stations exist worldwide, mostly clustered in California, Japan, and Germany.
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Building one costs roughly $2 million, far more than installing a fast EV charger.
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Hydrogen production itself is often fossil-fueled, undermining its 'green' promise unless made via electrolysis using renewable power.
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Storage and transport are difficult because hydrogen molecules leak easily and need cryogenic or high-pressure tanks.
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Car makers continue developing fuel cell models, but adoption hinges on coordinated government and industry investment.
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Some cities pilot hydrogen buses and delivery trucks where centralized refueling simplifies logistics.
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Fuel cells excel in heavy-duty transport, offering longer range and faster refueling than current batteries.
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Until infrastructure scales, hydrogen remains a niche alternative to battery-electric mobility.