STEM与日常科技·英语30篇（1）
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Deep-Space Communication Delay and Autonomous Decisions
深空通信延迟与自主决策
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A signal from Mars takes between 4 and 24 minutes to reach Earth — far too long for real-time control of rovers or landers.
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To navigate rocky terrain safely, Perseverance uses onboard AI to map paths, avoid obstacles, and select science targets independently.
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Its autonomous navigation system processes stereo camera images every few seconds and updates driving plans without ground input.
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When drilling into Martian rock, the rover checks for stability and adjusts pressure using embedded sensors and preloaded logic.
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Mission teams send high-level commands like 'explore this hill', then trust the rover to execute details based on current conditions.
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Autonomy also protects against signal loss: if contact drops, the spacecraft enters safe mode and waits for new instructions.
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Future missions to Jupiter’s moons will face even longer delays — up to 90 minutes one-way — making autonomy non-negotiable.
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Engineers test these systems rigorously on Earth using simulated time lags and unpredictable terrain.