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How Waste Sorting Powers Cities Through Incineration
垃圾分类与焚烧发电
精读先不看文字，完整听一遍。
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Modern waste-to-energy plants first sort trash to remove metals, glass, and hazardous materials that could damage equipment.现代垃圾发电厂首先对垃圾进行分拣，去除可能损坏设备的金属、玻璃和有害物质。
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The remaining combustible waste — mostly paper, plastics, and food scraps — is dried and fed into high-temperature furnaces.剩余可燃垃圾（主要是纸张、塑料和厨余）经干燥后送入高温炉焚烧。
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Heat from burning waste boils water, producing steam that spins turbines connected to electricity generators.垃圾燃烧产生的热量将水加热成蒸汽，驱动涡轮机带动发电机发电。
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One ton of properly sorted municipal waste can generate about 500–700 kilowatt-hours of clean electricity.一吨经过妥善分拣的城市垃圾可产生约500–700千瓦时的清洁电能。
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Advanced filters capture over 99% of acid gases, dioxins, and fine particles before exhaust enters the atmosphere.先进过滤系统在废气排入大气前，可捕获99%以上的酸性气体、二噁英和细微颗粒。
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Ash left behind is tested for heavy metals; safe fractions are used in road construction, while toxic residues are safely landfilled.焚烧后的灰渣需检测重金属；达标的部分用于道路建设，有毒残渣则安全填埋。
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Sorting at home reduces contamination, making combustion more efficient and lowering emissions per kilowatt generated.家庭源头分类可降低杂质含量，提升燃烧效率，减少每千瓦发电量对应的排放。
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In countries like Sweden and Japan, over 90% of non-recyclable waste is incinerated, supplying district heating and power.在瑞典、日本等国，超90%不可回收垃圾被焚烧，为区域供热和供电提供能源。
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Unlike landfills, these plants avoid methane release — a greenhouse gas 25 times stronger than CO₂ over 100 years.与填埋不同，这类电厂避免了甲烷释放——甲烷在百年尺度上的温室效应是二氧化碳的25倍。
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Still, experts stress that reducing and reusing waste always comes before burning it — energy recovery is the last step.但专家强调，减量与重复利用始终优先于焚烧，能源回收只是最后一步。
精读 · 大约 10 分钟
听 → 读 → 学表达 → 懂 → 今天会说这一句 → 跟读录音 → 自己说一句。
③ 学 · 重点表达
- Heat from burning waste boils water, producing steam that spins turbines connected to electricity generators. 垃圾燃烧产生的热量将水加热成蒸汽，驱动涡轮机带动发电机发电。
- One ton of properly sorted municipal waste can generate about 500–700 kilowatt-hours of clean electricity. 一吨经过妥善分拣的城市垃圾可产生约500–700千瓦时的清洁电能。
- Sorting at home reduces contamination, making combustion more efficient and lowering emissions per kilowatt generated. 家庭源头分类可降低杂质含量，提升燃烧效率，减少每千瓦发电量对应的排放。
④ 懂 · 选一选
⑤ 今天会说这一句
Heat from burning waste boils water, producing steam that spins turbines connected to electricity generators.
⑥ 跟读并录音
Heat from burning waste boils water, producing steam that spins turbines connected to electricity generators.
第一版：录下来、回听、再听标准音。系统打分以后再加。
⑦ 说 · 自己来一句
用今天的表达，自己说一句。
例子：Heat from burning waste boils water, producing steam that spins turbines connected to electricity generators.
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