十万个为什么·科学启蒙30篇（4）
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Why Spinning Tops Stay Upright Longer
为什么陀螺旋转时更稳
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A spinning top stays upright because of a physics principle called angular momentum.陀螺能保持直立，是因为角动量这一物理原理。
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When it spins fast, its mass resists changes in orientation due to rotational inertia.高速旋转时，其质量因转动惯性而抗拒方向改变。
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Gravity pulls the top downward, but the spinning motion creates a stabilizing gyroscopic effect.重力将陀螺向下拉，但旋转运动产生了稳定的陀螺效应。
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This effect causes the top to wobble slowly instead of tipping over immediately.这种效应使陀螺缓慢摆动，而非立即倾倒。
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Friction with the surface gradually slows the spin and reduces angular momentum.与接触面的摩擦逐渐减慢旋转，削弱角动量。
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As speed drops, the gyroscopic force weakens and the top begins to tilt.转速下降后，陀螺力减弱，陀螺开始倾斜。
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Eventually, when rotation becomes too slow, gravity wins and it falls.最终，当转速过低时，重力占主导，陀螺倒下。
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Engineers use this same principle in satellites and navigation systems.工程师在卫星和导航系统中也应用了这一原理。
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Bicycle wheels also benefit from angular momentum while moving forward.自行车车轮向前运动时，同样受益于角动量。
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The faster something spins, the more stable its axis tends to remain.物体旋转越快，其转轴通常越稳定。