身边的经济学·社会常识英语30篇（2）

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供应链中断与战略性库存持有

Global supply chains became fragile after events like pandemics and port closures.
Firms now balance lean inventory models against risks of production stoppages.
Safety stock levels rise when suppliers are concentrated in high-risk regions.
Holding extra inventory increases storage costs but prevents lost sales during shortages.
Digital tools help forecast disruptions using weather, political, and shipping data.
Some industries keep dual-sourced components to avoid total dependency on one supplier.
Inventory decisions reflect trade-offs between capital efficiency and operational resilience.
Central banks monitor inventory trends as early signals of demand shifts or bottlenecks.
Just-in-case strategies gain support when geopolitical uncertainty remains elevated.
Longer lead times also push firms to hold more finished goods near end markets.