STEM与日常科技·英语30篇（3）

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WebAssembly沙箱机制与内存边界强制执行

WebAssembly (Wasm) runs code in a strict sandbox where memory access is confined to a linear address space.
Unlike JavaScript, Wasm modules cannot read arbitrary browser memory or call OS functions directly.
Each module gets its own isolated memory buffer, and all loads/stores are bounds-checked at runtime.
This prevents one malicious module from corrupting another’s data or leaking sensitive information.
The sandbox enforces boundaries even when multiple Wasm modules run side by side in the same page.
Compilers like Rust or C++ generate Wasm bytecode that respects these memory constraints automatically.
These guarantees make Wasm suitable for untrusted plugins in editors or document processors.
Browser engines validate every memory operation before execution, adding minimal overhead but strong safety.
It’s why Figma can safely run community-made plugins without risking user files.
This boundary enforcement is foundational to zero-trust computing on the web.