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The Printing Press: When Books Stopped Being Rare
印刷机:当书籍不再稀有
精读先不看文字,完整听一遍。
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Before 1440, books in Europe were copied by hand — slow, expensive, and full of errors.1440年之前,欧洲的书籍全靠手抄,速度慢、成本高,且错误百出。
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Johannes Gutenberg combined movable metal type, oil-based ink, and a modified wine press to print efficiently.约翰内斯·古腾堡将活字金属印版、油性油墨和改良的葡萄酒压榨机结合,实现了高效印刷。
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His first major work was the Latin Bible, produced in about 200 copies between 1454 and 1455.他的首部重要作品是拉丁文《圣经》,于1454至1455年间印制约200册。
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Within 50 years, printing presses operated in over 200 European cities, producing millions of pages.短短50年内,印刷机已遍布欧洲200多座城市,印制数以百万计的书页。
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Scholars could now compare texts, spot mistakes, and build knowledge more reliably than ever before.学者如今能比以往更可靠地比对文本、发现错误,并系统构建知识。
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Religious reformers like Martin Luther used printed pamphlets to reach ordinary people directly.马丁·路德等宗教改革者借助印刷小册子,直接向普通民众传播思想。
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Schools began teaching reading more widely because affordable books made learning practical and accessible.因平价书籍使学习变得切实可行且易于获取,学校开始更广泛地教授阅读。
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This technology did not cause change alone, but it multiplied the speed and scale of every other idea.这项技术本身并未单独引发变革,却极大加速并扩大了其他一切思想的传播。
精读 · 大约 10 分钟
听 → 读 → 学表达 → 懂 → 今天会说这一句 → 跟读录音 → 自己说一句。
③ 学 · 重点表达
- Religious reformers like Martin Luther used printed pamphlets to reach ordinary people directly. 马丁·路德等宗教改革者借助印刷小册子,直接向普通民众传播思想。
- Schools began teaching reading more widely because affordable books made learning practical and accessible. 因平价书籍使学习变得切实可行且易于获取,学校开始更广泛地教授阅读。
- Within 50 years, printing presses operated in over 200 European cities, producing millions of pages. 短短50年内,印刷机已遍布欧洲200多座城市,印制数以百万计的书页。
④ 懂 · 选一选
⑤ 今天会说这一句
Religious reformers like Martin Luther used printed pamphlets to reach ordinary people directly.
⑥ 跟读并录音
Religious reformers like Martin Luther used printed pamphlets to reach ordinary people directly.
第一版:录下来、回听、再听标准音。系统打分以后再加。
⑦ 说 · 自己来一句
用今天的表达,自己说一句。
例子:Religious reformers like Martin Luther used printed pamphlets to reach ordinary people directly.
已记下。连续天数以后会显示在课表里。
陈老师指导
课程开发中,敬请期待。成人和孩子都可以先自学听读、精读。
这边的讲解音轨还在做。想先跟着老师走完固定 30 课,可以去陈老师带读社(和自学通行不是同一份会员)。
课程开发中,敬请期待。