十万个为什么·科学阅读30篇（2）
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How Do Rainbows Form When Sunlight Meets Raindrops?
阳光遇到雨滴时，彩虹是怎样形成的？
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Rainbows appear when sunlight enters spherical raindrops, bends, reflects inside, and exits.彩虹出现时，阳光进入球形雨滴，发生折射、内部反射，再折射而出。
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White light separates into colors because each wavelength bends by a slightly different amount.白光分解成不同颜色，是因为各波长的光折射程度略有不同。
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Red light bends least and exits at about 42 degrees; violet bends most and exits near 40 degrees.红光折射最小，以约42度角射出；紫光折射最大，以约40度角射出。
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Your eye sees only one color from each drop, depending on its position in the sky.人眼从每一颗雨滴中只看到一种颜色，取决于该雨滴在天空中的位置。
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Millions of drops together create the full arc, with red always on the outer edge.数百万雨滴共同形成完整的彩虹弧，红色总在外侧边缘。
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You must stand with your back to the sun and rain in front to see a rainbow clearly.要清晰看见彩虹，须背对太阳、面向雨幕。
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Double rainbows occur when light reflects twice inside a drop, reversing color order.双彩虹由光线在雨滴内反射两次形成，颜色顺序相反。
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The secondary bow is fainter because more light escapes after the second bounce.副虹较暗，因为第二次反射后更多光线逸出。
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No two people ever see the exact same rainbow, since it depends on their unique viewpoint.没人能看到完全相同的彩虹，因其取决于观察者的独特视角。
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This natural prism effect reveals how light and water interact to produce beauty and science.这种天然棱镜效应揭示了光与水相互作用所呈现的美与科学。