STEM与日常科技·英语30篇（7）
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How Water Filters Remove Microplastics
净水器如何去除微塑料
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Microplastics—tiny plastic fragments under 5 mm—are increasingly found in tap and bottled water worldwide.
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Activated carbon filters trap some particles through adsorption, but their effectiveness depends on pore size and contact time.
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Ceramic filters with sub-micron pores physically block particles larger than 0.2–0.5 micrometers reliably.
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Reverse osmosis systems force water through semi-permeable membranes that reject over 99% of microplastics and dissolved salts.
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Newer nanofiber membranes offer higher flow rates while maintaining filtration down to 0.1 micrometers.
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Testing confirms RO units remove nearly all microplastics, whereas pitcher filters vary widely by brand and age.
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Filters must be replaced regularly; clogged or worn media lose efficiency and may even release trapped particles.
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Independent labs now test consumer filters for microplastic removal, helping buyers compare real-world performance.
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Combining multiple stages—sediment + carbon + membrane—provides layered defense against diverse contaminants.
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This convergence of materials science, fluid dynamics, and environmental health makes modern filtration essential.