地理漫步·世界地理英语30篇（4）
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Mediterranean Climates: Where Summers Dry and Winters Mild
地中海气候：夏季干燥、冬季温和
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Mediterranean climates occur on west coasts between 30° and 45° latitude.
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They feature hot, dry summers due to subtropical high-pressure systems shifting poleward.
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Winter rains arrive when storm tracks move south, bringing moist Atlantic air.
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Olive groves, vineyards, and cork oak forests evolved under this seasonal rhythm.
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Wildfires have increased in frequency and intensity as summer droughts lengthen.
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Urban expansion into wildland-urban interfaces raises risks for residents and ecosystems.
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Local winds like the Mistral and Sirocco influence temperature and fire behavior.
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Soil erosion accelerates where native shrublands are replaced by low-biodiversity agriculture.
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Climate models project up to 30% less winter precipitation in southern Europe by 2050.
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Adaptation includes rainwater harvesting, drought-tolerant crops, and fire-resilient building codes.