地理漫步·世界地理英语30篇（4）

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东京：地理与风险塑造的巨型城市

Tokyo sits on a coastal plain bordered by mountains, volcanoes, and active fault lines.
Its dense urban fabric developed partly because flat land covers only 30% of the region.
The city relies on imported water, as local rivers lack sufficient volume for 37 million people.
Subways run deep underground to avoid liquefaction-prone reclaimed land near Tokyo Bay.
Earthquake-resistant engineering standards were strengthened after the 1923 Great Kanto quake.
Urban heat islands raise summer temperatures up to 3°C above rural surroundings.
Green roofs and rooftop gardens help absorb rainwater during typhoon season.
Public transport carries over 40 million passengers daily, reducing per-capita emissions.
Coastal flood barriers protect low-lying districts from storm surges and sea-level rise.
Community disaster drills occur quarterly, reinforcing preparedness culture across generations.