十万个为什么·科学阅读30篇(5)
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Why Do Stars Twinkle?
星星为什么会闪烁?
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Starlight travels through space in straight, steady lines.星光以笔直、稳定的方式穿越太空。
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But Earth’s air moves and changes in temperature and density.但地球大气层不断运动,且温度和密度不断变化。
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This bends the light slightly as it passes through layers.光线穿过不同大气层时会略微偏折。
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The bending makes the star’s position seem to jump or flicker.这种偏折使恒星的位置看起来跳跃或闪烁。
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Planets do not twinkle much because they look bigger and brighter.行星几乎不闪烁,因为它们看起来更大、更亮。
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Twinkling is strongest near the horizon where air is thicker.闪烁在地平线附近最明显,因为那里的空气更稠密。
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Astronomers build telescopes on high mountains to reduce twinkling.天文学家将望远镜建在高山上以减少闪烁。
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Space telescopes like Hubble see stars without any flicker.哈勃等太空望远镜观测恒星时完全不受闪烁影响。