十万个为什么·科学阅读30篇（5）
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How Do Plants Drink Water from the Ground?
植物是怎样从地下喝水的？
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Plants have thin tubes called xylem inside their stems.植物茎内有称为木质部的细小导管。
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Roots absorb water and minerals from damp soil.根部从潮湿土壤中吸收水分和矿物质。
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Water moves upward through xylem like a straw.水分像吸管一样通过木质部向上输送。
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Sunlight helps pull water up from roots to leaves.阳光帮助将水分从根部拉至叶片。
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This process is called capillary action and transpiration.这一过程称为毛细作用和蒸腾作用。
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Leaves release water vapor to keep the flow going.叶片释放水蒸气以维持水分流动。
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Even tall trees move water over 100 meters high.即使是高达百米以上的树木也能输送水分。
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Without roots and xylem, plants would dry out fast.没有根和木质部，植物会迅速干枯。