十万个为什么·科学阅读30篇（5）
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Why Does Ice Float on Water but Sinks in Alcohol?
为什么冰能浮在水上，却沉在酒精里？
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Ice floats on water because it is less dense than liquid water.冰能浮在水面上，是因为它的密度小于液态水。
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When water freezes, its molecules form open hexagonal shapes.水结冰时，其分子会形成开放的六边形结构。
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This makes ice take up more space than the same water.这使得相同质量的水结冰后体积变大。
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Alcohol is much less dense than water even when liquid.酒精即使呈液态，密度也远小于水。
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Solid alcohol is denser than liquid alcohol, unlike water.固态酒精比液态酒精密度大，与水相反。
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So ice sinks in alcohol since it is heavier per volume.因此冰在酒精中会下沉，因为单位体积更重。
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Density differences explain why some things float or sink.密度差异解释了物体为何有的上浮、有的下沉。
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This rule helps scientists test pure liquids and mixtures.这一规律帮助科学家鉴别纯液体和混合物。