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The First Written Laws: Hammurabi’s Code in Ancient Babylon
人类首部成文法典:古巴比伦的汉谟拉比法典
精读先不看文字,完整听一遍。
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Around 1754 BCE, King Hammurabi of Babylon ordered his laws to be carved on a tall stone pillar.约公元前1754年,巴比伦国王汉谟拉比下令将他的法律刻在一根高大的石柱上。
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This code contained nearly 282 rules covering crime, trade, family life, and workers’ rights.该法典包含近282条规则,涵盖犯罪、贸易、家庭生活和劳动者权利等方面。
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Many laws followed the principle of ‘an eye for an eye’, meaning punishment matched the harm done.许多条款遵循‘以眼还眼’原则,即惩罚与所造成的伤害相匹配。
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Scribes copied the text onto clay tablets so more people could read or study it.书吏将法典内容抄写到泥板上,以便更多人阅读或研习。
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Unlike earlier oral traditions, this code made justice visible, predictable, and publicly accessible.与早期口传传统不同,这部法典使司法变得可见、可预期且公开可及。
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It did not treat all citizens equally—nobles, commoners, and slaves faced different penalties.但它并未平等对待所有公民——贵族、平民和奴隶所受处罚各不相同。
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Still, it showed early efforts to limit rulers’ power through written standards.尽管如此,它仍体现了通过成文标准限制统治者权力的早期尝试。
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Modern legal systems still echo its idea that laws should be clear and known to everyone.现代法律体系依然延续着其核心理念:法律应清晰明确,并为所有人所知。
精读 · 大约 10 分钟
听 → 读 → 学表达 → 懂 → 今天会说这一句 → 跟读录音 → 自己说一句。
③ 学 · 重点表达
- Still, it showed early efforts to limit rulers’ power through written standards. 尽管如此,它仍体现了通过成文标准限制统治者权力的早期尝试。
- Unlike earlier oral traditions, this code made justice visible, predictable, and publicly accessible. 与早期口传传统不同,这部法典使司法变得可见、可预期且公开可及。
- It did not treat all citizens equally—nobles, commoners, and slaves faced different penalties. 但它并未平等对待所有公民——贵族、平民和奴隶所受处罚各不相同。
④ 懂 · 选一选
⑤ 今天会说这一句
Still, it showed early efforts to limit rulers’ power through written standards.
⑥ 跟读并录音
Still, it showed early efforts to limit rulers’ power through written standards.
第一版:录下来、回听、再听标准音。系统打分以后再加。
⑦ 说 · 自己来一句
用今天的表达,自己说一句。
例子:Still, it showed early efforts to limit rulers’ power through written standards.
已记下。连续天数以后会显示在课表里。
陈老师指导
课程开发中,敬请期待。成人和孩子都可以先自学听读、精读。
这边的讲解音轨还在做。想先跟着老师走完固定 30 课,可以去陈老师带读社(和自学通行不是同一份会员)。
课程开发中,敬请期待。