十万个为什么·科学阅读30篇(6)
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Why Does Salt Melt Ice on Roads?
为什么盐能让路面上的冰融化?
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Salt lowers the freezing point of water below zero degrees.盐能降低水的冰点,使其低于零度。
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Pure water freezes at 0°C, but saltwater freezes colder.纯水在0°C结冰,而盐水则在更低温度下结冰。
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When salt touches ice, it makes a briny liquid layer.盐接触冰时,会在表面形成一层咸水液体。
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This thin liquid breaks the ice’s solid structure gradually.这层薄液逐渐破坏冰的固态结构。
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The process works best above -10°C for common road salt.对普通道路盐而言,该过程在-10°C以上效果最佳。
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Cities use salt because it is cheap and easy to spread.城市使用盐,是因为它价格低廉且易于播撒。
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Too much salt harms plants and corrodes car parts.过量用盐会损害植物并腐蚀汽车部件。
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Engineers test new eco-friendly ice-melting materials now.工程师目前正在测试新型环保融冰材料。