十万个为什么·科学阅读30篇（6）
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How Do Mountains Form Over Millions of Years?
山脉是如何经过数百万年形成的？
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Earth’s crust has large moving plates that push slowly.地球地壳由大片缓慢移动的板块构成。
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When two plates crash, land folds upward like paper.当两个板块相撞时，陆地会像纸一样向上褶皱。
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Some mountains rise where ocean floor pushes under continents.一些山脉形成于海底板块俯冲到大陆板块之下的地方。
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Volcanoes also build mountains when hot rock rises up.火山喷发时，炽热岩浆上涌，也能形成山脉。
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Erosion from wind and rain slowly wears peaks down.风和雨水的侵蚀作用会缓慢削低山峰。
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But uplift keeps adding height faster than erosion removes it.但地壳抬升的速度快于侵蚀作用的削低速度。
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Mountains grow just a few millimeters each year.山脉每年仅增高几毫米。
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Scientists measure movement using GPS satellites and rock samples.科学家利用GPS卫星和岩石样本测量这种运动。