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科学素养与现象阐释·英语30篇（9）

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How Soil Microbial Carbon Use Efficiency Shapes Long-Term Carbon Sequestration Potential

How Soil Microbial Carbon Use Efficiency Shapes Long-Term Carbon Sequestration Potential

土壤微生物碳利用效率如何塑造长期碳封存潜力

  1. Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) measures the fraction of assimilated carbon allocated to growth versus respiration—typically ranging from 0.3 to 0.6 in temperate soils.
  2. High-CUE microbes convert more plant-derived carbon into stable necromass and extracellular polymers, enhancing soil organic carbon persistence.
  3. CUE declines with substrate quality: lignin-rich litter yields lower efficiency than simple sugars, altering carbon storage trajectories.
  4. Climate warming reduces average CUE by 0.08 per °C in meta-analyses, implying greater respiratory losses under future scenarios.
  5. Soil moisture extremes exert asymmetric effects: drought suppresses CUE more severely than flooding due to enzyme denaturation thresholds.
  6. Metagenomic studies link high-CUE communities to Actinobacteria dominance and expanded glycoside hydrolase gene families.
  7. Agricultural practices like cover cropping increase CUE by supplying diverse, labile carbon inputs that support microbial consortia.
  8. Carbon market protocols now explore incorporating CUE biomarkers—such as phospholipid fatty acid ratios—as verification metrics for soil carbon credits.
  9. Permafrost thaw initially boosts CUE via nutrient release, but long-term decline follows as labile carbon depletes and pH drops.
  10. Model intercomparison projects show CUE parameterization accounts for >40% of variance in century-scale soil carbon projections.
  11. Indigenous agroecological knowledge identifies traditional fallow rotations that maintain high-CUE microbial assemblages empirically.
  12. This biochemical trait bridges microbial ecology and climate policy—transforming soil from passive reservoir to active carbon regulator.
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