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Why Do Some Animals Hibernate While Others Migrate?
为什么有些动物冬眠而另一些迁徙？
精读先不看文字，完整听一遍。
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Animals choose hibernation or migration based on evolutionary adaptation to local climate, food supply, and body size.动物选择冬眠或迁徙，取决于对当地气候、食物供应和体型的进化适应。
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Small mammals like ground squirrels hibernate because they lose heat too fast to survive winter without shelter and fat reserves.地松鼠等小型哺乳动物选择冬眠，因为它们散热过快，若无庇护所和脂肪储备便无法熬过寒冬。
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Birds and large mammals, however, can travel efficiently and find food elsewhere—so migration suits them better.鸟类和大型哺乳动物则能高效移动并在别处觅食，因此迁徙更适于它们。
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Hibernators lower their metabolism, heart rate, and body temperature dramatically to conserve energy for months.冬眠动物大幅降低新陈代谢、心率和体温，以节省数月能量。
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Migrators prepare by eating heavily, storing fat, and using stars, Earth’s magnetic field, or landmarks for navigation.迁徙动物通过大量进食、储存脂肪，并利用星辰、地球磁场或地标导航来做好准备。
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Some species—like certain bats or bears—enter torpor, a lighter state that allows quick awakening if danger appears.某些物种——如部分蝙蝠或熊——进入蛰伏状态，这是一种较浅的休眠，遇险可迅速苏醒。
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Climate change now disrupts both strategies: earlier springs confuse migration timing, and warmer winters weaken hibernation cues.气候变化正干扰这两种策略：春季提前打乱迁徙节律，暖冬削弱冬眠触发信号。
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Neither strategy is ‘better’—they’re equally successful solutions shaped by millions of years of natural selection.两种策略并无优劣之分——它们都是自然选择历经数百万年塑造出的同等成功方案。
精读 · 大约 10 分钟
听 → 读 → 学表达 → 懂 → 今天会说这一句 → 跟读录音 → 自己说一句。
③ 学 · 重点表达
- Hibernators lower their metabolism, heart rate, and body temperature dramatically to conserve energy for months. 冬眠动物大幅降低新陈代谢、心率和体温，以节省数月能量。
- Neither strategy is ‘better’—they’re equally successful solutions shaped by millions of years of natural selection. 两种策略并无优劣之分——它们都是自然选择历经数百万年塑造出的同等成功方案。
- Birds and large mammals, however, can travel efficiently and find food elsewhere—so migration suits them better. 鸟类和大型哺乳动物则能高效移动并在别处觅食，因此迁徙更适于它们。
④ 懂 · 选一选
⑤ 今天会说这一句
Hibernators lower their metabolism, heart rate, and body temperature dramatically to conserve energy for months.
⑥ 跟读并录音
Hibernators lower their metabolism, heart rate, and body temperature dramatically to conserve energy for months.
第一版：录下来、回听、再听标准音。系统打分以后再加。
⑦ 说 · 自己来一句
用今天的表达，自己说一句。
例子：Hibernators lower their metabolism, heart rate, and body temperature dramatically to conserve energy for months.
已记下。连续天数以后会显示在课表里。
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