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Why Do Stars Twinkle But Planets Usually Don’t?
为什么星星会闪烁而行星通常不会？
精读先不看文字，完整听一遍。
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Stars twinkle—technically called scintillation—because their pinpoint light travels huge distances and passes through turbulent Earth’s atmosphere.星星闪烁（专业术语称‘闪烁现象’）是因为其点状光芒穿越遥远距离，又穿过地球湍流大气。
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Air pockets at different temperatures and densities bend starlight constantly, making its path and brightness seem to jump.不同温度和密度的空气团持续折射星光，使其路径和亮度看似跳跃不定。
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Planets appear as tiny disks, not points, so light from multiple spots averages out atmospheric distortion.行星呈现为微小圆盘而非光点，因此来自多个位置的光线平均抵消了大气扰动。
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This smoothing effect makes planetary light steadier, even when viewed low on the horizon where turbulence is strongest.这种平滑效应使行星光芒更稳定，即便在受湍流影响最强的地平线附近观测亦然。
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Twinkling increases near the horizon because starlight then travels through more atmosphere—and more irregular layers.靠近地平线时闪烁加剧，因为星光此时穿过更厚、更不规则的大气层。
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Telescopes on mountains or in space avoid this problem entirely, delivering sharp, stable images of both stars and planets.架设在高山或太空中的望远镜完全避开此问题，能清晰稳定地观测恒星与行星。
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Astronomers use adaptive optics systems that measure atmospheric distortion in real time and adjust mirrors to cancel it.天文学家采用自适应光学系统，实时测量大气扰动并动态调整镜面以抵消畸变。
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You can test this yourself: watch Sirius closely on a clear winter night—it blinks vividly with red and blue flashes.你可亲自验证：晴朗冬夜仔细观察天狼星——它会 vividly 闪烁出红蓝光芒。
精读 · 大约 10 分钟
听 → 读 → 学表达 → 懂 → 今天会说这一句 → 跟读录音 → 自己说一句。
③ 学 · 重点表达
- Twinkling increases near the horizon because starlight then travels through more atmosphere—and more irregular layers. 靠近地平线时闪烁加剧，因为星光此时穿过更厚、更不规则的大气层。
- Stars twinkle—technically called scintillation—because their pinpoint light travels huge distances and passes through turbulent Earth’s atmosphere. 星星闪烁（专业术语称‘闪烁现象’）是因为其点状光芒穿越遥远距离，又穿过地球湍流大气。
- Planets appear as tiny disks, not points, so light from multiple spots averages out atmospheric distortion. 行星呈现为微小圆盘而非光点，因此来自多个位置的光线平均抵消了大气扰动。
④ 懂 · 选一选
⑤ 今天会说这一句
Twinkling increases near the horizon because starlight then travels through more atmosphere—and more irregular layers.
⑥ 跟读并录音
Twinkling increases near the horizon because starlight then travels through more atmosphere—and more irregular layers.
第一版：录下来、回听、再听标准音。系统打分以后再加。
⑦ 说 · 自己来一句
用今天的表达，自己说一句。
例子：Twinkling increases near the horizon because starlight then travels through more atmosphere—and more irregular layers.
已记下。连续天数以后会显示在课表里。
陈老师指导
课程开发中，敬请期待。成人和孩子都可以先自学听读、精读。
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课程开发中，敬请期待。