How QR Codes Tolerate Damage

课文

1. QR codes use Reed–Solomon error correction, which adds extra data to reconstruct missing parts.

   二维码采用里德-所罗门纠错技术，通过添加冗余数据来恢复丢失的部分。

2. They divide information into modules and encode redundancy so damaged sections can be guessed accurately.

   它们将信息划分为模块，并编码冗余信息，以便准确推测受损区域。

3. Four levels of error correction exist: L (7%), M (15%), Q (25%), and H (30%)—higher levels mean more resilience.

   纠错等级分为四级：L（7%）、M（15%）、Q（25%）和H（30%）——等级越高，容错能力越强。

4. A scuffed corner or coffee stain may remove up to 30% of modules without breaking the code’s readability.

   即使角落磨损或被咖啡渍覆盖，最多30%的模块损坏也不会影响二维码识别。

5. Scanners detect alignment patterns and timing grids first, then decode the message using mathematical recovery rules.

   扫描器首先识别定位图案和定时网格，再依据数学恢复规则解码信息。

6. This built-in redundancy lets QR codes work even when printed on curved or worn surfaces like packaging or posters.

   这种内置冗余使二维码即使印在包装盒、海报等弯曲或磨损表面上也能正常工作。

7. Unlike barcodes, which store data linearly, QR codes hold information in two dimensions—making them far more robust.

   与线性存储数据的传统条形码不同，二维码采用二维存储，因而鲁棒性更强。

8. Designers choose error level based on expected use: high-risk environments need H-level protection.

   设计师根据预期使用环境选择纠错等级：高风险场景需采用H级保护。