Latency Management in Surgical Robotics: When Milliseconds Affect Tactile Feedback Fidelity

手术机器人中的延迟管理：毫秒级差异如何影响触觉反馈保真度

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In telesurgery systems like the da Vinci X, end-to-end latency between surgeon input and instrument response must stay under 200 milliseconds for safe tissue manipulation.
Network jitter, video encoding lag, and haptic rendering delays all contribute nonlinearly to perceived control degradation during suturing or dissection.

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