Synthetic Biology and Biomanufacturing: Engineering Microbes to Produce Industrial Chemicals

合成生物学与生物制造：改造微生物生产工业化学品

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Modern biomanufacturing moves beyond fermentation: CRISPR-edited *E. coli* strains now synthesize nylon precursors like adipic acid directly from glucose—bypassing petrochemical routes that emit nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas 265× more potent than CO₂.
Metabolic pathway optimization requires balancing enzyme expression levels; overexpression of one gene can starve adjacent reactions of ATP or cofactors, collapsing the entire biosynthetic cascade.

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