Ritual Architecture as Diplomatic Interface in Swahili Stone Towns

斯瓦希里石城中的仪式建筑作为外交接口

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Zanzibar’s 19th-century stone houses feature inward-facing courtyards, carved coral doors, and elevated reception rooms designed for layered diplomatic engagement.
These structures mediated relations among Omani sultans, European consuls, Arab merchants, and enslaved East African intermediaries through spatial hierarchy rather than verbal protocol.

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