Vanuatu’s Land Diving Rituals: Vertical Kinship and Volcanic Risk Ontology on Pentecost Island

瓦努阿图彭特科斯特岛土地跳仪式：垂直亲缘关系与火山风险本体论

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On Pentecost Island, land diving—the world’s oldest bungee precursor—involves leaping from 30-meter wooden towers bound only by vine cords harvested from specific volcanic slopes.
Each diver’s cord length is calculated by elders using generational observations of soil stability, rainfall patterns, and seismic micro-tremors near active Mount Waiyevo.

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