The Industrial Revolution’s Hidden Labor Taxonomy

工业革命的隐性劳动分类体系

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Factory employment records from Manchester mills reveal a precise, unspoken hierarchy: ‘skilled’ (male mechanics), ‘semi-skilled’ (female spinner-minders), and ‘disposable’ (child scavengers).
Wage ledgers categorized workers not by task alone but by perceived biological capacity—girls aged 9–13 earned 40% less than boys of identical age and role.

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