Why Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents Sustain Ecosystems Without Sunlight
为何深海热液喷口能在无阳光条件下维系生态系统
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Hydrothermal vents emit mineral-rich, superheated water from Earth’s crust, supporting chemosynthetic ecosystems independent of solar radiation.
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Chemosynthetic bacteria oxidize hydrogen sulfide and methane to fix carbon—forming the base of food webs where photosynthesis is impossible.
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