十万个为什么·科学启蒙30篇（2）
23 / 30
正在确认阅读权限…
How Do Ants Build Such Complex Underground Cities?
蚂蚁如何建造如此复杂的地下城市？
-
Ant colonies dig intricate tunnel networks using their strong mandibles and coordinated teamwork.蚂蚁群落依靠强健的颚部和协同合作，挖掘出错综复杂的隧道网络。
-
Each ant follows simple rules based on pheromone trails and soil texture, not a central plan.每只蚂蚁仅依据信息素痕迹和土壤质地等简单规则行动，并无统一规划。
-
Tunnels stay stable because ants avoid sharp angles and reinforce walls with saliva and soil.隧道保持稳固，因为蚂蚁会避开锐角，并用唾液与泥土加固洞壁。
-
Ventilation shafts allow fresh air to flow deep underground without human tools.通风竖井让新鲜空气无需人工工具即可深入地下。
-
Nurse ants carry eggs and larvae to warmer or cooler chambers depending on developmental needs.工蚁根据幼虫发育需求，将其卵和幼虫搬运至更暖或更凉的巢室。
-
Some species even farm fungi or herd aphids, turning parts of their nests into living farms.某些蚁种甚至种植真菌或放牧蚜虫，将部分巢穴变为活体农场。
-
The queen stays protected in a central chamber while workers handle construction and repairs.蚁后受保护地居于中央巢室，工蚁负责建造与修缮。
-
Ants adjust tunnel size and layout as the colony grows or seasons change.随着蚁群扩张或季节更替，蚂蚁会动态调整隧道尺寸与布局。
-
Researchers study ant digging to improve robot algorithms for underground exploration.研究人员借鉴蚂蚁挖掘行为，优化机器人地下勘探算法。
-
Their cities can last decades and house millions—built entirely without blueprints or supervisors.它们的城市可存续数十年，容纳数百万个体——全程无需图纸或监工。