STEM与日常科技·英语30篇（2）
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Why Carbon Fiber Is Both Lightweight and Extremely Strong
碳纤维为什么又轻又强
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Carbon fiber consists of thin strands made mostly of carbon atoms bonded in microscopic crystalline structures.
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These atoms align tightly in parallel planes, giving the material exceptional tensile strength along the fiber direction.
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Because carbon atoms are small and light, carbon fiber has only about one-fourth the density of steel.
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When embedded in epoxy resin, the fibers form a composite that resists bending and impact without adding bulk.
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Unlike metals, carbon fiber does not corrode, fatigue easily, or conduct electricity excessively.
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Its stiffness-to-weight ratio makes it ideal for aircraft wings, racing bikes, and satellite components.
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Manufacturers control strength by adjusting fiber orientation, weave pattern, and resin content during layup.
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Even a small amount of misaligned fibers can significantly reduce performance, so precision matters greatly.
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Recycling carbon fiber remains challenging because high heat breaks down the resin but leaves tangled fibers.
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Despite higher cost, its energy-saving benefits in transport and aerospace justify growing use worldwide.