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Hundred Schools of Thought: Ideas in Competition
诸子百家与思想竞争
精读先不看文字，完整听一遍。
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In ancient China, around 500 BCE, many philosophers began teaching new ways to understand society and human nature.公元前500年左右，中国古代众多哲学家开始传授理解社会与人性的新思想。
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Confucius emphasized respect, duty, and moral leadership, while Daoists like Laozi valued simplicity and harmony with nature.孔子强调尊重、责任与道德领导，而老子等道家则崇尚简朴与顺应自然。
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Mozi argued for universal love and practical benefits, and Legalists such as Han Feizi believed strict laws were essential for order.墨子主张兼爱与实用效益，韩非子等法家则认为严刑峻法是维持秩序之根本。
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These thinkers opened schools, debated publicly, and wrote texts that shaped Chinese education for over two thousand years.这些思想家创办私学、公开论辩，并著书立说，深刻影响了中国教育两千余年。
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Their ideas competed not just in writing but also in royal courts, where rulers chose advisors based on usefulness and logic.他们的学说不仅在文本中交锋，更在朝堂上竞争——君主依其效用与逻辑遴选谋臣。
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Unlike religious dogma, most schools welcomed questioning and adapted their views through dialogue and experience.与宗教教条不同，多数学派鼓励质疑，并通过对话与实践不断修正自身观点。
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This era produced lasting terms like 'ren' (benevolence) and 'wu wei' (non-action), still used in modern Chinese discourse.这一时期诞生了‘仁’‘无为’等沿用至今的术语，仍活跃于当代中文话语中。
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Even today, students in East Asia study these debates to understand ethics, governance, and personal responsibility.直至今日，东亚学生仍研习这些论辩，以理解伦理、治国与个人责任。
精读 · 大约 10 分钟
听 → 读 → 学表达 → 懂 → 今天会说这一句 → 跟读录音 → 自己说一句。
③ 学 · 重点表达
- Unlike religious dogma, most schools welcomed questioning and adapted their views through dialogue and experience. 与宗教教条不同，多数学派鼓励质疑，并通过对话与实践不断修正自身观点。
- Even today, students in East Asia study these debates to understand ethics, governance, and personal responsibility. 直至今日，东亚学生仍研习这些论辩，以理解伦理、治国与个人责任。
- In ancient China, around 500 BCE, many philosophers began teaching new ways to understand society and human nature. 公元前500年左右，中国古代众多哲学家开始传授理解社会与人性的新思想。
④ 懂 · 选一选
⑤ 今天会说这一句
Unlike religious dogma, most schools welcomed questioning and adapted their views through dialogue and experience.
⑥ 跟读并录音
Unlike religious dogma, most schools welcomed questioning and adapted their views through dialogue and experience.
第一版：录下来、回听、再听标准音。系统打分以后再加。
⑦ 说 · 自己来一句
用今天的表达，自己说一句。
例子：Unlike religious dogma, most schools welcomed questioning and adapted their views through dialogue and experience.
已记下。连续天数以后会显示在课表里。
陈老师指导
课程开发中，敬请期待。成人和孩子都可以先自学听读、精读。
这边的讲解音轨还在做。想先跟着老师走完固定 30 课，可以去陈老师带读社（和自学通行不是同一份会员）。
课程开发中，敬请期待。